Machine to rivet twenty long spokes with hub and rim together



March 26, 1935. H. TORMYN ET AL MACHINE TO RIVET TWENTY LONG SPOKES WITH HUB AND RI M TOGETHER Filed July 29, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Marph 26, 1935. H, TORMYN El AL MACHINE TO RIVET TWENTY LONG SPOKES WITH HUB AND RIM TOGETHER Filed July 29, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 26, 1935. H. TORMYN ET AL 1,995,483

MACHINE TO RIVET TWENTY LONG SPOKES WITH HUB AND RIM TOGETHER Filed July 29, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 a x w i; M M/ I: I; m? A. Z 2 so w w 7 W HI: 1 7 62 1 =1 4 4 4 0 M m 4 J J W o J w 9 a w w 4 w I i 1 i l wig? aoj W March 26, 1935. H.TORMYN ET AL MACHINE TO RIVET TWENTY LONG SPOKES WITH HUB AND RIM TOGETHER Filed July 29, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Herman Patented Mar. 26 1935 f V 1 99554 1; U I E sures; PATENT v eer e s: MACHINE T RIVET .TWENIY LONG sroKEs' 1 wrgigl HUB RIM TOGETHER Herman 'roimynand Frank F: wietholr; Detroit, Mich, assignore to General Motors Corporation, De Ware 7. V Appiioation ruly serrate, Serial no. 25,999 1 -ro aims (oli 'ia ror-v This invention relates .to the -ma nufacture of- Figure. 5' is a-plan view taken substantially on wire wheelsusedon automotive'vehicles and hasv the line 5- 5 of Figure 4. e partioular reference to theidie for securing the Figure- 6 isa detailed view in plan of a portion long spokes. between the hub shell and the rim. of. the fixture. I

tro itr-lvlioha a corporation ofD'el'ai y.

Theilnachine or die of the invention is one o'f ten.- Figure 7 is. a-perspective .view of one of the and: in its sequence of operation follows the dieor punch hGldePS- W V machine 'of our copending application, Serial No. Figure 8 is a perspecti've'view oiia locatorused 625,998,filed July29,1932. w on the dies. r l Y 7 I .The die ofthe; invention comprisesa low die ;F is a perspective View Of One f e V shoe and: a top. die, the top cliebeing. movable to backing members used on the fixture. 10

and from the die shoe. A padis yieldably-mount- Figure ap p ve V f the t p edinthe die shoe and has. yieldably mounted t n ing of the. fixture I thereon a positioning ring for the support. of the- Figure 11 is a DB p fiV ew f e' tai n hub shell and a second positioning ring rigidly i mounted thereon .to support the rim. Suitable e ne 110th? r w sthe n me al Z ndil5 anvilson the rim supporting ring are used to po- Oates u h 3 1 t p son t sition and hold the spokes; A plurality ofpunch ame emeo e source power- 4 holders havin punches mounted therein are h-aw electric ot havir'igthe pu fi slidably mormted at the pad and each DUIICh'hOld-e d the bBl-tv 3; E116 106138 in turn drives h go er has a link pivoted thereto which link is pivflywheel. nd. the shaft 12471 shaftotally mounted at its free end so that when-the telldli through themachine and. the other side'has pad is moved downwardly the link will force the 'a1DiniQIUnflt Shown) vselclllfedthereto which drives punch'holders inwardly toward the rim to cause rl -L l m nted ohhe Sh ft 16 the punches to head the spoke ends. havingacrank l8linterrnediateits ends andwork- @A suitable fixture/is positioned inside the-Wheel; the frame 3- T a k 13 has the C 1 hub prior to the placing of the assembly-in the e' -Q D mountedtherenn w ichis-suitably die, the fixture having a plurality of backing connefitedi hfcifosslieai 24 W c is in turn members which'support the heads of the spoke connected to the 5 1 (lithe di The and firmly force the heads into the spokeopenlower shoe. of'the die isindicated at 'and has 30 ings when the=punohes are operated. v hehn rn umfi cylinder 32 having ll-Su 30 The top die ;is:provided with a plunger at its 16 DiSt'OIl h I DJ Connected by'a piston I central portion which engages with the hubshell O 3 m a plate e p B :6-iS tm'n 0011- andwitha spreader to force the backing: mem- 11613179553 means th T0115 331130 t ep a e 0 On her against the hub shell. Immediately "over W h e e st the: pressure pins 42. The oyl-' 35 the rim hub thetop die is provided with an anvil n 1 the 1y f -l ll -lhticv type and is '35 1 holding ring which supports a plurality of anvils Provided With af t pipejsystem t0 ow which cooperate with'theanvils on the pad ol". the lngllfiss d E r e q d in t ed die shoe. 7 The anvils rigidly hold the spokes relation w h h e h'oi the press- The lates adjacent the rim during the action of the punches 36mm" 13' are Slid'abl'ein the'base' of the p ess 30- 40 to head thespoke ends. A suitable rubber pad; T e GI' Zi sof 'a hydro-Pneumatic 40 between the anvil holding ring and. the topdie u n'f'w v l es a a i p 4 lead n serves to equalize the pressure on all of the; ano an air'chaimber 4'6 having'the P15150348 there-V vils so that the spokes are gripped and held with:v in n 0 l 50 ea to 31' Chamber auniform pressure.- A partition 5 4" separates the: chambers 46'and 5. 6n the drawings: H 52 and suitable passageslnot shownl are pro Figure l is a front viewof a press showing. the Vided B i p r i o allow" the oilto flow from i ti applied th t V v I one chamber-tothe other. The piston 48 :has a Figure 2 is aside view oithe structureof Fig- Stern 56 the-fend of'which is bored and which ure 1. V v i extends through a. partition indicated at 60. U9 j Figure?) has an enlarged sectional detailed view There .isal-epiing loaded check Valve at the endthrough te die taken substantially on the line oftheboreat 62. The head end 62' is adapted. ore 5. v f v I tocpntactwith the piston 64 at. the lower part a1" enlargedseetioiialidetailed view of the chamber 52. A: suitable coil spring 66 Figure 3 t th the top clie separated between the head 62 and the partition 60 constantly urges the piston 48 and stem 56 downthe check valve to allow liquid to flow to the chamber 52.

An operating handle 70 adjacentthefront of the machine operates a linkage '72 to operate a clutch to throw the wheel 14 into operation. ,The clutch is so arranged that after one rotation of the crank 18 the machine will stop and the clutch must again be thrown into operation by the movement of the handle '70. A stop brake is" shown at '74 with the brake shoes '76 andthe operating linkage '78. 1

The parts so far described andltheir'operation are conventional and per se form no part of the invention.

Referring to Figures 3 and 4"the die shoe 30 comprises the flatbottom plate 80 havinglsecu'red to the outer periphery thereof the upper and lower pivot forming rings 82 and 84 rigidly mounted on the bottom plate 80 by means of the machine bolts 86. In theirinner meeting line the rings 82 and 84 are formed with the circular bearing surfaces 88 and 90m receive the rounded bear ing heads 92 of a link 94, the purpose of which will later be described.

The rings 82 and 84 have suitable openings with bearings 96 therein to receive the guiding studs 98 secured to the top die 26. Suitable spacing blocks 100 are secured to the guiding studs 98 to limit the movement of the top die 26 on the lower die shoe 30.

The plate 80 of the die shoe 30 and the inner periphery of the ring 84 form a bearing surface as indicated at 102 and. in which there is slid- .ably" received the pad 104. Thebottom plate 80 has suitable openings through which project the r 106 is slidably mounted in the ring 110 and is project tioned between the punch holders 132." The ring I plungers 42 and strike against the bottom pad and constantly urge the pad upwardly as shown in Figure 4. The pad'has a positioning or locating ring plate 106 mountedat its center and held thereon by meansof the shoulder 108 on a rim' positioning ring 110 secured to the pad by means of the machine bolts 112. The positioning ring resiliently mounted relative to the plate by means of a plurality of coil springs 114 held in cooperating recesses in the pad 104 and 'positio'ning ring 106. The upper outer periphery of the positioningring 106 is shaped to receive the hub'shell 116 andto serve as a backing for the heads 01f the short spokes 118. f j j f Securedto the upper portionof therimpositioning ring 110 are ten anvils 120. Each anvil has a pair of steps, 122 and infeachstep there is a g'roove124 to receive the end of the long spokes 126. The structure of the anvils is best shownin Figure 4. The-outer side of the anvils as well as the upper outer portion of therim retaining ring 11015 shaped as at 128 to'receive the lower portion of the rim. l

Atits upper portion atthe outer periphery thereof the pad104 is providedwithten radial grooves 130 in each of which there is slidably mounted a punch holder 132. .The punch holders are held in position by the top retaining ring .134

having a plurality ofaprongs or teeth" 136 which downwardly to the pad 104 andare posi- 134; prongs 136, and grooves, 130 form'a slide for the punch holders 132. Each punchholderhas two punches 138 mounted therein each held in placebya set screw 140.-

144 being used only to withdraw the punch holders.

'Suitable guide pins 146 rigidly secured in the base 80 and operating in bearings 148 at the pad .104 guide the pad relative to the base 80.

- Priorto placing the assembled hub shell spokes and rim in the die shoe a fixture indicated as a whole at 150 is placed in the hub shell. The fixture comprises the base block 152 (Figure 6) having'ten recesses 153 in its top portion for the purpose of receiving the ten backing members 154 shown in perspectiveview in Figure 9. Each backing member 154 has a'pin 156 rigidly secured in an opening 158 at its innermost end and a coil spring 158 held in a passage in the block 152 We plug 160'and which presses against the pin and constantly urges the pin and backing member 154 toward the center of the fixture '150. A top plate 162 shown in perspective in Figure 10 is secured over the base block 152 and holds the backing members 154 slidably in position. Suitable recesses164 in the periphery of the top plate 162 allow the 'positioning pins 167 at the top outer end of the block to move with the backing members 154 inwardly of the fixture.

The base block 152 has a central opening 166 through which there passes the shank 168 of a headed bolt screwthreaded at its end into a cam or spreader 1'70. The shank 1681s allowed a considerable movement in the opening 166 so that the spreader or cam 1'70 may be withdrawn away from the backing members 154 to allow the springs 158 to force them inwardly of the fixture. The spreader 1'70 is reciprocal relative'to the fixture and may be pushed downwardly thereinto as shown in Figure 3 to spread the backing elements 154 against the heads of the long spokes 126. Each backing element 154 accommodates two spokes. l

The top shoe has the plunger 1'72 rigidly secured to the piston 64 by means of a machine bolt 174. The plunger is slidable in the top die 26 and has the head 1'76 adapted to strike against the spreader or cam 1'70, and the striker ring 178, the

lower portion of which is suitably shaped as indi of the hub shell 116 as shown in Figure 3.

Inner and-outer retaining rings 182 and 184 are secured to' the top die by means of the machine bolts 186. The rings 182 and 184 have shoulders 188 which cooperate with shoulders 190 on an anvil holding ring 192 slidably to mount the ring relative to the top die 26. A rubber ring or pad 1941s positioned between the top die 26 and the anvil ring 192 to form a resilient mounting for the ring. Anvils 120 are secured to the lower portion of the ring and have the stepped portions 122" and the grooves 124 the grooves being shaped to fit over the ends of the long spokes at the rim. The anvils 120 and 120' mate or cooperate with each other, that is, when the top die 26 is moved toward the die shoe 30 the anvils will mate with each other sothat the ends of the long spokeswill be received between the cooperating grooves 124 and 124 rigidly to hold the spokes at the rim.

The anvils 120 and 120 never contact but are long spokeends, said last named means spokes at the rim, means to move the pad and to press said member tightly against the pad, means on the top die cooperating with the spoke receiving means of thepad rigidly to hold the long. spoke ends, punches mounted on the pad, said die shoe having, means to force the punches toward the rimto head the long, spoke ends, said last named means'being operative only when the pad is moved.

4. In a machine simultaneously to rivet all the long spokes of a wire wheel between the hub shell and the rim, a die shoe including aresiliently mounted pad, said pad having a resiliently mounted member to receivethe hub shell, means on the pad to receive the long spokesadjacent' the rim, means to back thelong spokeends, inside the hub shell, a top die reciprocable'relative tothe die shoe and adapted when reciprocated to move the pad and press, said member tightly against the pad, means on the top die cooperating with the spoke receiving 'means of the pad rigidly to hold the long spoke ends, punches mounted on the pad, said die shoe having means to force the punches toward the rim to head the means being operative only when the pad is moved, and on the top die to withdraw the wheel from the die shoe when the spokes have been riveted.

5. In a machine simultaneously to rivet all the long spokes of a wire wheel between the hub shell and the. rim, a die shoe including a resiliently mounted pad, said pad having a gresiliently mounted member to receive the hub shell, a plurality of anvils on the pad to receive the long to back the long spoke ends inside the hub shell, a relative to the die shoe and adapted when reciprocated tomove the pad to press said membertightly against the pad-anvils on the top die mating with the anvils ofthe die shoe and adapted simultaneously to grip and hold the long spoke ends'at the rim, punches-mounted on the pad, said die shoe punches toward the rim to head the long spoke ends, said last named means being operativeonly when thepad is moved; v

6. In a machine simultaneously to rivet all the long spokes of a wire'wheelbetween the hub shell and the rim, said wheel having'a plurality of short spokes riveted in place, a dieshoe including a resiliently mounted pad, said pad having a resiliently mounted member to receive the :hub shell, said member being shaped to contact with and back the ends of the riveting of the long spokes, means on the pad to receive the'long spokes at the rim, means to back the long spoke ends inside the hub shell, a top die reciprocable relative to the die shoe and adapted when reciprocated to move the pad and press said member tightly against the pad-means on the-top die cooperating with the spoke receiving means on the pad rigidly, to hold the long spoke ends, punches mounted on the pad, said die shoe'having means to force the punches toward the rim to head the long spoke ends-,1 said last named" *means being operative only when the pad is moved.

'7. In a machine simultaneously to rivet the long spokes of a wire wheel between the hub shell and the rim, a die shoeincluding a resiliently mounted pad, said pad having a resiliently mounted member to receive the hub shell, means on the pad to receive the long spokes at the rim, meansto back the long spoke ends inside the hub shell, a topdie reciprocable relative to the die shoe and adapted when reciprocated top die recipro-cable having means to force the short spokes during the to. move the pad and. press said member tightly against the pad,- means on the vtop die cooperating withthe spoke receiving means; on the pad rigidly to hold the long spoke ends, means on the top=die simultaneously to press the hub shell spokes and rim tightly against the die shoe when the-top die is moved, punches mounted on, the pad, saiddie shoe having means to force the punches toward the rim to head the long'spoke ends, saidlast named means being operative only when-the pad is moved.

8. Ina machine for simultaneously riveting a plurality of spokesof a wire'wheel, said wheel havinga hub shell anda rim, said hub shell having different diametersat its ends at the place of connection of the spokes, said wheel previously having riveted place all of the spokes at one hubjdiameter, a dieshoe including a resiliently mounted means. for receiving the rim, hub shell, and spokes,- a top die movable to and from the die shoe,-c oope rating anvils on ,both shoes tightly to grip the unriveted spokes at therim and rigidly :to hold the samewhile the spokes are being riveted, a plurality of punch holders in said means slidableito and from the rim, punches in said h01ders,-saiddie shoe having means to cause the holders to move toward the rim to-cause the punches to head the unriveted spokes, and means operated-by the movement of the top dietoward the dielshoe to press down the resiliently mounted meansjto cause the means for moving the punch holders-to operate, g

9. Ina machine for simultaneously riveting a plurality of spokes of awire wheel, said, wheel having a hub shell and arim, said hub shell having different diameters at its ends at the place of connection of the spokes, said wheel previously having riveted in place all of the spokes at one hubdiametena die shoe includinga resiliently mounted means forv receiving the rim, hub shell, and spokes, a top shoe movable to and from the die shoe, cooperating anvils on both shoes tightly to grip the unriveted spokes at the rim and rigidly to hold the same while the spokes are being riveted, a plurality of punch holders slidable in said means to and from the rim, punches on said holders, said die shoe having means to cause the holders to move toward the rim, and means operated by the movement of the top die toward the die shoe to press down the resiliently mounted means to cause the means for moving the punch holders to operate, and means in the hub rigidly to back the spoke ends while the punches are operated a a 10. In a machine for simultaneously riveting a plurality of spokesof a wire wheel, said wheel having a hub shell and a rim, said hub shell having different diameters at its ends at the place of connection of the spokes, said wheel previously having riveted in place all of the spokes at one hub diameter, a die shoe including a resiliently mounted means for receiving the rim, hub shell and spokes, a top die movable to and from the die shoe, cooperating'anvils on both die shoe and-top die-tightly to grip the unriveted spokes at the rim and rigidly to hold the same while the spokes are being riveted, a plurality of punch holders slidable in said die shoe to and from the rim, punches in said holders, said die shoe having means to cause the holders to move toward the'rim to cause the punches to head the spoke ends, and means operated by the movement'of the top die toward the die shoe to press down the resiliently mounted means to cause the means for moving the punch holders to operate,

and means on the top die to withdraw the riveted spoke wheel from the die shoe when the top die moves away from the die shoe. 7

11. In a machine to rivet a plurality of spokes of a Wire wheel, said wheel having a hub shell and a rim, said hub shell'having different diameters at its ends at the place of connection of the spokes and said wheel having riveted in place all of the spokes at one hub diameter, a die shoe including means for receiving the wheel, a top shoe movable to and from the die shoe, means on said shoes for stretching. or placing the riveted spokes under tension when the top shoe moves onto the die shoe, and. unriveted spoke ends while the riveted spokes are under tension, said riveted spokes being relieved of their tension when the top shoe moves away from the die shoe, equally to distribute the tension among all the spokes.

HERMAN TORMYN. FRANK F. WIETHOFF.

means for riveting the 

